<?php

namespace App\Models;

use App\Casts\JsonSerializableObject;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Product extends Model
{
    /**
     * The attributes that should be cast.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $casts = [
        'options' => 'array',             // Casts JSON column to PHP array
        'metadata' => 'object',           // Casts JSON column to PHP stdClass object
        'published_at' => 'datetime',     // Casts to Carbon instance
        'is_active' => 'boolean',         // Casts to boolean
        'price' => 'float',               // Casts to float
        'settings' => JsonSerializableObject::class, // Using a custom cast class
    ];

    // Example of a custom cast class (App\Casts\JsonSerializableObject.php)
    /*
    <?php

    namespace App\Casts;

    use Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Eloquent\CastsAttributes;
    use Illuminate\Support\Arr;

    class JsonSerializableObject implements CastsAttributes
    {
        public function get($model, string $key, $value, array $attributes)
        {
            return $value ? json_decode($value) : null;
        }

        public function set($model, string $key, $value, array $attributes)
        {
            return json_encode($value);
        }
    }
    */
}

// Usage:
$product = Product::find(1);
$product->options = ['size' => 'M', 'color' => 'blue']; // Automatically converts to JSON on save
$product->save();

$retrievedProduct = Product::find(1);
$optionsArray = $retrievedProduct->options; // Is now a PHP array
$publishedDate = $retrievedProduct->published_at; // Is a Carbon instance
$settingsObject = $retrievedProduct->settings; // Is an object deserialized by custom cast